Tuesday, February 18, 2025

February 2025

 

Saving Monticello: The Newsletter

The latest about the book, author events, and more

Newsletter Editor - Marc Leepson




Volume XXII, Number 2                                                        February 2025

 

THE BACHELORS: Coincidence or not, both Uriah Levy and his nephew Jefferson Monroe Levy were long-time bachelors. Uriah married late in life (more on that below), and, like his life-long, never-married nephew, he did not have any children.

Valentine’s Day month 2025 seems like an appropriate time to look at the love lives of the two men who owned (and repaired, preserved, and restored) Monticello from 1836 when Uriah Levy took ownership of the estate, to 1923 when Jefferson Levy sold it to the just-formed Thomas Jefferson Memorial Foundation.

Uriah Levy led a bachelor’s life until his 61st year in 1853 when he courted and married Virginia Lopez, who was born on September 25, 1835, less than a year before Uriah Levy took possession of Monticello. She was 18 years old.

That may seem a tad scandalous, but consider, too, that Virginia Lopez was Uriah Levy’s niece, the youngest of the three children of Uriah’s sister Frances (known as Fanny) and Abraham Lopez, who lived in Kingston, Jamaica. 

The only known photograph of Uriah Levy, taken just prior to his death in 1862

In taking Virginia’s hand in marriage, as I noted in Saving Monticello, Uriah was following an ancient, if obscure, Jewish tradition that obligated the closest unmarried male relative of a recently orphaned or widowed woman in financial difficulties to marry her. Said financial troubles all but certainly stemmed from the fact that Abraham Lopez—sometimes referred to as Judge Lopez—had fallen on hard financial times by the time he died in 1849 when Virgina was 14 years old. Before that, however, he had prospered and provided well for his family. The well-off Lopezes had the wherewithal, for one thing, to send Virginia to boarding school in England. 


In the absence of the discovery of a marriage license or any other primary sources to prove it, it appears that the May-December couple wed in the fall of 1853. And that the nuptials took place in New York City where Uriah lived and where Virginia and her mother Fanny moved from Jamaica sometime after Judge Lopez’s death four years earlier. We also know that sometime after the wedding, Uriah moved Virginia and Fanny into his large townhouse at 107 St. Mark's Place in the East Village in Manhattan. 



Fanny Levy died in 1857 and sometime after that Uriah’s unmarried sister, Amelia, moved into the house on St. Mark’s with her brother and young sister-in-law, Virginia. We know that because in 1860 the U.S. Census (above) listed Commodore and Virginia Levy, age 60 and 25, living in Manhattan, along with Amelia Levy, 50, and an Irish servant named Nora McGrath, 22. Uriah and Amelia’s places of birth were listed as Philadelphia and Virginia’s as “West Indies.”

Uriah Levy died at age 70 in that house on March 22, 1862. Virginia Lopez Levy later remarried and died on May 5, 1925 in New York at age 90—63 years after Uriah Levy’s death.

 

****************

As for the lifelong bachelor Jefferson Levy, who was born in New York in 1852—the year before UPL and Virginia Lopez married—his name regularly popped up in the society pages of the (many) New York City newspapers and those in Washington, D.C., and Virginia, as he led an extravagant Gilded Age lifestyle after making a fortune in real estate and stock speculation in the 1870s and ‘80s.


 Jefferson Levy traveled widely and often, typically in the company of other upper-crust late nineteenth and early twentieth century globetrotters. 


Jefferson M. Levy

On one of his many social sojourns, Jefferson Levy crossed the Atlantic to spend some leisure time in England in the summer of 1902. The man the Washington Post described as “one of the most conspicuous bachelor hosts of the London season,” among other things, gave a dinner at a fancy London hotel in August in the early days of the reign of King Edward VII and its Edwardian Era upper class excesses.


Jefferson Levy, who, like his uncle, lived in New York City, repaired to Monticello early in September that year, where he threw a big party for the artist George Burroughs Torrey (1863-1942), who had painted a portrait of Levy that he had placed in Monticello. 


The conspicuous bachelor sometimes was linked to eligible woman of his social strata, but no evidence has surfaced that he came close to marrying. Levy, it appears, was very comfortable in his bachelorhood. For example, in the summer of 1912, when rumors circulated in Washington that he was engaged to be married to Flora Wilson, the socially prominent daughter of Secretary of Agriculture James Wilson*, Levy—a Democratic congressman from New York at the time—picked up his phone and called The New York Times to set the record straight. 


In a short article in the September 3, 1912 Times, oddly headlined “L.M. Levy Is Not to Wed,” the paper noted that Levy called the Times’ Washington office from Monticello to let the paper know there was no truth to the rumor. 


That was the summer in which Levy faced a nationwide effort by Maude Littleton to induce Congress to take Monticello from him and turn it into a government-run presidential house museum—an effort he vigorously opposed in congressional hearings and in the court of public opinion. 


The rumors that he was engaged to Flora Lewis—a suffragist and trained coloratura operatic soprano—had “no other basis than the possible desire of somebody to make capital out of the fact that Miss Wilson recently came to his rescue by publicly declaring against the federal acquisition of Monticello over his protest,” The Times reported.

“Mr. Levy said he regretted the report of an engagement and there was no foundation for it.”

Flora Wilson, 1912

*A former Congressman from Iowa, James Wilson had served as the Secretary of Agriculture since 1897. He stepped down early in 1913, and has the distinction of being the longest-serving Cabinet secretary in U.S. history.


EVENTS AND COMMERCE:  I have a growing number of events scheduled starting in March, most of them for my new book, The Unlikely War Hero, a slice-of-life biography of the extraordinary Vietnam War story of Doug Hegdahl, the youngest and lowest ranking American prisoner held in Hanoi during the war. For details on upcoming events, check the Events page on my website: marcleepson.com/events 


If you’d like to arrange a talk on The Unlikely War Hero, Saving Monticello, or any of my other books, please email me at marcleepson@gmail.com  


The Unlikely War Hero’s first printing sold out before the official December 17 publication date and it became the Number 1 bestselling Vietnam War History book on Amazon. The second printing sold out not long after it came out in mid-January, and the book is now in its third printing.   


I have a few copies of the first printing. To order one, go to https://bit.ly/BookOrdering  I also have brand-new paperback copies of Saving Monticello and a few as-new hardcovers, as well as paperback copies of Flag: An American Biography; Desperate Engagement; and Ballad of the Green Beret.


To order personalized, autographed book, go to bit.ly/BookOrdering or email me directly at marcleepson@gmail.com 

Monday, January 20, 2025

January 2025

 

Saving Monticello: The Newsletter

The latest about the book, author events, and more

Newsletter Editor - Marc Leepson


Volume XXII, Number 1                                                        January 2025

 

 


MEMORIALS & MONUMENTS: The founders of the foundation that formed to buy Monticello in 1923 from Jefferson Levy incorporated under the name, The Thomas Jefferson Memorial Foundation. That’s presumably because the foundation’s goal, in the parlance of the times, was to own and operate Monticello as a “memorial” to Thomas Jefferson. The organization dropped “Memorial” from its name in 2000.

This mini rumination on the word “memorial” was spurred by my continuing search for information about the Levy Family and Monticello. That quest recently led me to an 1881 newspaper article I hadn’t seen (Thank you, Library of Congress’ Chronicling America historical newspaper database) with an intriguing tidbit about Jefferson Levy that I hadn’t come across.  

Said article was penned by Lyon Gardiner Tyler (1853-1935), a son of President John Tyler, and published in The Memphis Daily Appeal on January 2, 1881. J.G. Tyler, an 1875 graduate of the University of Virginia, was the principal of a private school in Memphis at the time. He went on to serve as President of the College of William and Mary—Thomas Jefferson’s alma mater—from 1888-1919.

While expounding on the greatness of the Sage of Monticello, J.G. Tyler mentioned that he had learned that Jefferson Levy—who had owned Monticello for less than two years at that point—had written an article in which he said he would donate $500 toward “the erection of a statue of Jefferson in Central park [sic]” in New York City. As that was news to me, I tried to confirm it, or at least find more information about the proposed statue. Searching through the best primary sources, though, I couldn’t find anything more on it.


I therefore can only speculate that Jefferson Levy’s reverence for Thomas Jefferson and his desire to help build a monumental statue was influenced by his uncle Uriah Levy’s decision to buy Monticello in 1834 out of admiration for Jefferson, especially his strong support for freedom of religion.


A year earlier, when then U.S. Navy Lt. Uriah Levy was in France, he expressed that reverence by commissioning a full-length statue of Thomas Jefferson by the top sculptor of the day, David d’Angers, which today is prominently displayed in the U.S. Capitol Rotunda. I wrote about UPL and the statue in Saving Monticello and in several issues of this newsletter.

There are a slew of statues in Central Park—from Hans Christiaan Anderson to Daniel Webster—but, alas, none of Thomas Jefferson. There are plenty of Jefferson statues throughout the nation, however. Most of them were commissioned starting early in the twentieth century.

The Memorial

The most monumental Jefferson statue is Rudulf Evans’ towering, 19-foot-tall sculpture that is the centerpiece of the Jefferson Memorial in Washington, D.C. Not surprisingly, Jefferson Monroe Levy was an early proponent of a memorial to Jefferson in the nation’s capital.


In February 1903—a year after it was decided that the Tidal Basin would be the site of a future unspecified memorial and two years after Jefferson Levy had completed his first term in the House of Representatives—he was appointed as one of several dozen vice presidents (see the shortened list above) of the recently formed Thomas Jefferson Memorial Association of the United States.

That Washington, D.C. group soon began to raise funds and lobby for a memorial to the “author of the Declaration of Independence,” as the above membership card puts it, to be located in the Nation’s Capital.

It appears that the TJMAUS ceased functioning in 1907 without making any traction in its mission. But in 1926, two years after Jefferson Monroe Levy’s death, Congress took up the cause and considered a resolution to authorize the erection of a memorial to Thomas Jefferson for the first time.

It took eight years for the idea to gain traction on the Hill, but on June 26, 1934, the Senate and House approved a Joint Resolution establishing the Thomas Jefferson Memorial Commission (TJMC) with a mandate to build a memorial to its namesake at the intersection of Constitution and Pennsylvania Avenues in downtown D.C. Congress appropriated $3 million for construction. The following year, the commission commissioned the architect John Russell Pope, who designed the National Archives building four years earlier, to draw up the plans for the Jefferson Memorial.

In 1936, President Franklin Roosevelt asked the commission to chose a larger site for the memorial. They decided on the south bank of the Tidal Basin and construction began in late 1937


FDR laid the cornerstone two years later. Evans received the commission to sculpt the statue in 1941 and the memorial was dedicated before 5,000 spectators—including three dozen Jefferson descendants—on Thomas Jefferson’s birthday, April 13, during the World War II year of 1943.

As I wrote in Saving Monticello, the Thomas Jefferson Memorial Foundation took a leading role in the movement to build the national memorial to Thomas Jefferson beginning in 1926, when Congress first proposed it. That included Stuart Gibboney, the first head of the Foundation, being named chair of the Memorial Commission in 1938.


Gibboney (1876-1944), a Virginia-born New York City lawyer who specialized in banking litigation and was a mover and shaker in the national Democratic Party, opened the dedication ceremonies in 1943. Following the invocation by
the presiding bishop of the Episcopal Church in America, came the singing of the National Anthem during which the giant statue, which had been covered with American flags, was unveiled.

President Roosevelt spoke next in an address that was broadcast live on national radio. He called the memorial a “shrine to freedom,” and went on to talk about Jefferson’s challenges and those facing the nation during the dark days of World War II.



Jefferson, FDR said, “faced the fact that men who will not fight for liberty can lose it. We, too, have faced that fact. He lived in a world in which freedom of conscience and freedom of mind were battles still to be fought through—not principles already accepted of all men. We, too, have lived in such a world. He believed, as we believe, that men are capable of their own government, and that no king, no tyrant, no dictator can govern for them as well as they can govern for themselves…. 


“The words which we have chosen for this Memorial speak Jefferson’s noblest and most urgent meaning; and we are proud indeed to understand it and share it: ‘I have sworn upon the altar of God, eternal hostility against every form of tyranny over the mind of man.’”

EVENTS:  I will be doing more events in 2025, including talks on Saving Monticello, as well as for my new book, The Unlikely War Hero. It’s a slice-of-life biography of the extraordinary Vietnam War story of Doug Hegdahl, the youngest and lowest ranking American prisoner held in Hanoi during the war. More info at https://bit.ly/Hegdahl 


The book had a strong start. Not long after The Unlikely War Hero arrived in bookstores and at online booksellers in early December, it became the bestselling Vietnam War History book on Amazon 


The first printing then sold out within a week. The second printing, on January 17, sold out immediately due to the huge number of backorders after the first printing was gone. The third printing is scheduled for the first week of February.  I have some copies of the first printing. To order a signed copy, go to my website, https://www.marcleepson.com/ 


If you’d like to arrange a talk on The Unlikely War Hero, Saving Monticello, or any of my other books, please email me at marcleepson@gmail.com  

For details on upcoming events, check the Events page on my website: marcleepson.com/events 


COMMERCE: I have brand-new paperback copies of Saving Monticello and a few as-new hardcovers. To order personalized, autographed copies, go to https://bit.ly/BookOrdering or email me directly at marcleepson@gmail.com 

I also have copies of Flag: An American Biography; Desperate Engagement; What So Proudly We Hailed; Ballad of the Green Beret; and Huntland.

You can read back issues of this newsletter at http://bit.ly/SMOnline